The energy consumption of 5G base stations (BSs) is significantly higher than that of 4G BSs, creating challenges for operators due to increased costs and carbon emissions. Existing solutions address this issue by switching off BSs during specific periods or forming cooperation coalitions where some BSs deactivate while others serve users.
Notably, China, Korea, and the US are vigorously engaged in this field, specifically related to the 5G network. This review paper identifies the possible potential solutions for reducing the energy consumption of the networks and discusses the challenges so that more accurate and valid measures could be designed for future research.
To properly examine an energy-optimised network, it is very crucial to select the most suitable EE metric for 5G networks. EE is the ratio of transmitted bits for every joule of energy expended. Therefore, while measuring it, different perspectives need to be considered such as from the network or user’s point of view.
Kuo-Chi Chang et al. have proposed an energy-saving technology for 5G base stations using Internet of Things (IoT) collaborative control. It addresses the issue of high energy consumption in dense 5G networks, particularly during periods of low traffic.
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In today’s 5G era, the energy efficiency (EE) of cellular base stations is crucial for sustainable communication. Recognizing this, Mobile Network Operators are actively prioritizing EE for …
To further explore the energy-saving potential of 5 G base stations, this paper proposes an energy-saving operation model for 5 G base stations that incorporates …
The number of 5G base stations has reached 5.94 million, and the number of 5G users is over 1.87 billion. To deal with the high energy consumption, telecom operators are …
In this paper, a framework is developed to study the impact of different power model assumptions on energy saving in a 5G separation architecture comprising high power …
The energy consumption of 5G base stations (BSs) is significantly higher than that of 4G BSs, creating challenges for operators due to increased costs and carbon emissions. …
A portion of the dataset is published on GitHub. We develop high-accuracy models to profile 4G and 5G base station energy con- sumption, revealing 5G inefficiencies under low …
Abstract In today’s 5G era, the energy efficiency (EE) of cellular base stations is crucial for sustainable communication. Recognizing this, Mobile Network Operators are …
Energy efficiency constitutes a pivotal performance indicator for 5G New Radio (NR) networks and beyond, and achieving optimal efficiency necessitates the meticulous …
The economic advantages of investing in energy-efficient 5G base stations extend beyond mere cost savings on electricity bills. By optimizing energy use, telecommunications …
Energy efficiency constitutes a pivotal performance indicator for 5G New Radio (NR) networks and beyond, and achieving optimal …
At present, many energy-saving measures have been introduced for 5G base stations. GrenElec’s intelligent air switches will help them achieve refined on-demand energy …
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